The heart valves lie at the exit of each of the four heart chambers and maintain a one-way blood flow through your heart. The work of these valves is to make sure that blood always flows freely in a forward direction and that there is no backward leakage. The blood flows from right to left atria into your ventricles through one mitral and tricuspid valves. So, when the ventricles are full the mitral and tricuspid valves shut this prevents the backward flow of blood in the atria while the ventricles contract.
As the ventricles begin to contract the pulmonic and aortic valves are forced open and blood is pumped out of the ventricles through the open valves into the pulmonary artery towards the lungs, aorta, and other parts of the body. These valves also when ventricles are finished contracting and begin to relax prevent the flow of blood from flowing back into the ventricles.
It is a continuous process and the pattern is repeated over and over, regulating the circulation of blood. But when the valves are not able to perform this function well, the condition is accounted as Valvular Heart Disease.
Types Of Vascular Surgeries
Arteries
Vascular surgery is a surgical subspecialty in which diseases of the vascular system, or arteries, veins and lymphatic circulation, are managed by medical therapy, minimally-invasive catheter procedures, and surgical reconstruction.
Types of Vascular Sugeries
- Embolectomy
- Endarterectomy
- By-Pass Procedures
Embolectomy
An embolectomy is a surgery to remove an embolus (a part of a blood clot that broke free) from an artery or vein. It can travel through your bloodstream and become stuck in another area. This is called an embolism. An embolism can block blood flow to the area. An embolus in your vein can reach your lungs or your brain. This can cause a stroke. An embolus in an artery in your abdomen can cause pain and vomiting. An embolectomy is used when medicines or procedures cannot be used, or are not successful.
Endarterectomy
Carotid endarterectomy is a procedure to treat carotid artery disease caused when fatty, waxy deposits build up in one of the carotid arteries. The carotid arteries are blood vessels located on each side of your neck (carotid arteries). This build-up of plaque (atherosclerosis) may restrict blood flow to your brain. Removing plaque can improve blood flow in your carotid artery and reduce your risk of stroke.
By-Pass Procedures
There are a number of different ways to unclog blockages from the artery. The procedure depends on the complexities of your condition. Many times, medical and lifestyle changes can work in improving your health condition. Angioplasty and stenting are other ways to unclog the vessels. But if the condition prevails a surgical procedure is suggested. This includes the Endarterectomy a procedure to remove plaque from the artery and a bypass procedure in case the occlusion is too long. It may require you to undergo a bypass procedure done either by autologous veins or prosthetic tube grafts. Here are some types of bypass procedures that a surgeon might perform as per your condition:
- Femoro- Femoral Bypass
- Femoro- Popliteal Bypass
- Aorto- Bi-iliac Bypass (Using Bifurcation Grafts)
- Axillo- Bifemoral Bypass
Veins
Venous thrombectomy is the surgical removal of a vein clot. This procedure is most commonly used to treat a rare complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) called phlegmasia cerulea dolens
- Venous Thrombectomy
- Endovenous Laser Varicose Vein Surgery
Venous Thrombectomy
Venous Thrombectomy is a surgical procedure that is used to remove the vein clot. This procedure is most commonly used to treat a rare complication of deep vein thrombosis, or DVT called phlegmasia cerulea dolens. The procedure is done along with other treatments such as
Thrombolysis
- Anticoagulant medications;
- Angioplasty and stenting; and
- Placement of a vena cava filter.
Endovenous Laser Varicose Vein Surgery
Endovenous Laser Varicose vein surgery is a procedure that uses heat from a laser to reduce the varicose veins. Varicose Veins are swollen bulging veins that often happen on the thighs or calves. It is a device that sends a thin beam of radiation in the form of light. The laser surgery caused the veins to shrink and caused the scar tissue within the vessel. Also, the procedure causes the blood to flow through other nearby veins instead.
Who might need the endovenous laser varicose vein surgery?
Your healthcare provider may suggest surgery if your varicose veins are sore red or swollen. Laser surgery may also be recommended if the skin over your varicose veins is irritated. They are not usually serious health problems but can be painful. You may also not like how they look.